MS, SC, TN, LA, AR. These states are still, 135 years later, feeling the devastation of reconstruction, and nearly 100 years of complete refusal of Northern investors creating industry here, which ended in the 1960s. Each state has a huge black population that has been impoverished for generations. Many have never known anything else, living in some state of poverty since their ancestors were freed from bondage during the Civil War. Though each state has a significant black middle class who is as successful as their white counterparts. Though most of them remember from where they came, they have no plans of returning.
Mississippi is kind of unique in that there are no real urban areas. Arkansas is similar, I suppose. One city over 100K, (173,5xx) one over 50K (67,79x), and the rest are under 50K. Crime is really no worse than many places, better than many, the numbers are skewed mainly due to the low population. But, nearly all of the crime is in those cities, and the huge percent is black on black crime, usually drug related.
Yes, the prisons are full, because the judges don't play around. Even if you plea out, you are going to prison. LA is the same way.
The other thing somewhat unique about MS is the Delta. (the alluvial plain of the Mississippi River) Farming has always been nearly the only industry in the Delta. And farming, like every other industry, has become very automated. So there is no work in the Delta to speak of, and the 90% black population lives in poverty. Really, much of the Delta looks like a third world country, like Haiti or Jamaica. Though, it of course is "American poverty", a DirecTV dish on the side of a shack that you could throw a cat through any wall.
SC is similar to MS but much more urban area. The "coastal plain" has a lot of poverty, as do the barrier islands.
AR is also similar to MS, they also have a delta region but not as large or as populated.
TN, most of the crime is in Memphis and Nashville. I live 75 miles from Memphis and can count the times I've been there in 10 years on one hand. 30 years ago I went there more than once a week.
I'm not so sure. What about Il, NJ and NY? More monthly murders in Chicago than Afgan. There are areas of NYC where the police are afraid to stop at a red light (75th precinct). In Newburgh, NY, the murder capital of the state, police arrive at a call only to be met by rocks, bottles and gunfire. They routinely pull-out and ask for help from the state and neighboring towns. What about places like Compton (LA), Newark (NJ), Philly (PA)?
It's all in the population. Mississippi's population is 2.9 million. Chicago's population is 2.6 million, with an additional 10.2 million in the rest of the state. All of these states with the exception of Texas have fairly small populations. Tennessee isn't so small, but Memphis and Nashville are horribly crime-ridden.